FIRST APPEARANCE: ARISTOTELES-ARISTOTLE

FIRST APPEARANCE: ARISTOTELES   ARISTOTLE

Aristotle’s emphasis on good reasoning underpins his various investigations. In his natural philosophy, he merges logic with observation to make general, causal claims. For instance, in biology, he uses the concept of species to make empirical claims about animal functions and behaviours. However, Aristotle is not a reductive materialist; he views the body as matter and the psyche as the form of each living being. 

While his scientific work is based on observation, Aristotle also acknowledges non-empirical knowledge. In metaphysics, he posits the existence of a separate, unchanging being that is the source of all other beings. In ethics, he argues that achieving eudaimonia, a form of happiness or blessedness, requires excellence. 

Aristotle founded the Lyceum in Athens and was the first of the Peripatetics, his followers from the Lyceum. His works have had a profound impact on ancient and medieval thought and continue to inspire philosophers today. 

P,S: Empirical, means with practice, or practical observation and experimentation, then you can draw conclusions, rather than relying solely on theoretical models. 

 

Eudemonia, is a central concept of Aristotle, represents the highest human good, the ultimate goal of human life. It is achieved through the exercise of virtue and living in accordance with reason, leading to a fulfilling and excellent life. Often translated as “happiness' “flourishing”.